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Hozirda butun dunyo bo‘ylab tuproq sho‘rlanish darajasi yildan yilga ortib bormoqda. Bunga sabab esa sug‘orishda suv resurslaridan noto‘g‘ri foydalanish, noto‘g‘ri agrotexnik usullar jumladan noto‘g‘ri o‘g‘itlash, iqlim o‘zgarishi kabi jihatlar dunyo bo‘ylab ekin maydonlar yerlarning tuproq sho‘rlanishini bosqichma-bosqich oshirmoqda. Bu esa o‘simliklardagi ion muvozanatining buzilishi, osmotik stress, oksidlovchi stress va ozuqa moddalarining kamayishi orqali o‘simliklarning umumiy o‘sishiga to‘sqinlik qiluvchi asosiy abiotik omillardan biridir. Tuz stressi o‘simliklar o‘sishining barcha jihatlariga ta`sir qiladi, ularning o‘sishiga to‘sqinlik qiladi. Ildiz, poya va barglarning yangi va quruq vaznini kamaytiradi. Bundan tashqari, barglarning kengayishini kamaytiradi va barg morfologiyasini o‘zgartiradi, fotosintezni kamaytiradi va o‘simlik ionlari gomeostazini buzadi, bu metabolik nomutanosiblik va oksidlovchi stressga olib keladi. Natijada hosilning kamayishiga va qishloq xo‘jaligiga jiddiy zarar yetkazadi. Shu bilan birga o‘simliklar sho‘rlanish stressiga bardosh berish uchun morfologik va molekulyar darajada bir nechta moslashish strategiyalari ham mavjud. Tuzga chidamli o‘simlik navlarini yaratish uchun turli darajadagi sho‘rlanish stressiga o‘simliklarning ta`siri va javoblarini har tomonlama tushunish va molekulyar, fiziologik va biokimyoviy usullarni birlashtirgan kompleks yondashuv zarur. Ushbu maqolada sho‘rlanishning o‘simliklarga turlicha ta`sirlarini ko‘rib chiqamiz.
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