Abstract
Tuproq sho‘rlanishi qishloq xo‘jaligi mahsuldorligini cheklovchi asosiy abiotik omillardan biri bo‘lib, ayniqsa sug‘oriladigan hududlarda dolzarb muammo hisoblanadi. Zig‘ir (Linum usitatissimum L.) muhim moyli va tolali ekin bo‘lib, uning o‘sishi, hosildorligi va moy sifati sho‘r sharoitlarga juda sezgir. Shu sababli sho‘rga chidamlilik seleksiya jarayonida muhim yo‘nalish hisoblanadi.
Genomika va molekulyar biologiya sohasidagi yutuqlar sho‘rlanishga chidamlilikning genetik asoslarini aniqlash imkonini berdi. SSR, AFLP va SNP kabi DNK markerlari, shuningdek GWAS, QTL xaritalash, transkriptom tahlili va genotiplash-sekvenslash usullari zig‘irda sho‘r stressiga javob beruvchi nomzod genlarni aniqlashda keng qo‘llanilmoqda.
Mazkur sharh maqolada zig‘irda sho‘rga chidamlilik bilan bog‘liq genlarning molekulyar aniqlanishi bo‘yicha so‘nggi yutuqlar umumlashtiriladi hamda seleksiya jarayonida DNK markerlarining ahamiyati yoritiladi. Molekulyar markerlarni zamonaviy genomik yondashuvlar bilan integratsiya qilish sho‘r sharoitlarga mos zig‘ir navlarini yaratishda katta imkoniyatlar ochadi
References
1. Zhang, J., You, F. M., Duguid, S. D., Booker, H. M., & Cloutier, S. (2022). Genome-wide association study of salt tolerance at the germination stage in flax (Linum usitatissimum L.). Plants, 11(6), 761. https://doi.org/10.3390/genes13030486
2. Yu, Y., Zhang, X., Li, X., Wang, H., & Li, J. (2024). Integrating RNA-seq and population genomics to identify salt tolerance genes in flax. Frontiers in Plant Science, 15, 1442286. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2024.1442286
3. Yu, Y., Wu, G., Yuan, H., Cheng, L., Zhao, D., Huang, W., Zhang, S., Zhang, L., Chen, H., Zhang, J., & Wang, X. (2014). Identification of differentially expressed genes in flax (Linum usitatissimum L.) under saline–alkaline stress. BMC Plant Biology, 14, 234. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gene.2014.07.053
4. Oqba, M. M., Ibrahim, H. A., & Abd El-Moneim, D. A. (2023). Sensitivity of different flax genotypes to salinity stress. Plants, 12(3), 512. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sjbs.2023.103592
5. Heller, K., & Matušíková, I. (2021). Effect of salinity stress on yield and quality parameters in flax (Linum usitatissimum L.). Notulae Botanicae Horti Agrobotanici Cluj-Napoca, 49(2), 11861. https://doi.org/10.15835/nbha48211861
6. Khan, M., Ahmad, S., & Ali, M. (2024). Comparative analysis of salt stress adaptability in flax genotypes. Plant Cell Reports, 43, 1503–1516. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00299-024-03152-0
7. Melnikova, N. V., Kudryavtseva, A. V., Zelenin, A. V., & Dmitriev, A. A. (2024). History and prospects of flax genetic markers. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 25, 1321. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2024.1495069
8. Kaur, R., Sharma, N., & Kumar, S. (2022). Integrated omics approaches for flax improvement under abiotic stress. Frontiers in Plant Science, 13, 931275. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2022.931275
9. Wang, Y., Liu, Z., Zhang, L., & Chen, H. (2023). Genome-wide identification of APX genes in flax and their role in stress responses. BMC Genomics, 24, 591. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12870-025-06902-2
10. Niu, Z., You, F. M., Ragupathy, R., Cloutier, S., & Duguid, S. (2021). High-throughput sequencing techniques in flax genetics and breeding. Euphytica, 217, 112. https://doi.org/10.17816/ecogen16126
11. You, F. M., Duguid, S. D., Booker, H. M., & Cloutier, S. (2018). Genetic diversity and population structure of flax germplasm collections. Frontiers in Plant Science, 9, 617. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2025.1675815
12. Kaur, R., & Singh, G. (2023). Molecular advances to combat abiotic stresses in linseed (Linum usitatissimum L.). Plants, 12(15), 2801. https://doi.org/10.3390/genes14071461
13. Rashid, K. Y., Booker, H. M., & Duguid, S. (2024). Linseed germplasm characterization and traits sensitivity to salinity stress under multi-environment conditions. Agronomy, 14, 902. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indcrop.2025.120668
14. Kaur, R., Sharma, N., & Kumar, S. (2021). Genetic mechanisms and breeding strategies for enhancing oil content in flax (Linum usitatissimum L.). Plants, 10(11), 2305. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants10112305
15. Liu, H., Wang, X., Song, S., Li, X., & Li, J. (2020). Genome-wide association studies in flax for agronomic traits. BMC Plant Biology, 20, 102. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12864-018-4899-z Cloutier, S., Ragupathy, R., Niu, Z., & Duguid, S. (2012). Sequencing of the flax genome and identification of genes involved in fatty acid biosynthesis. BMC Genomics, 13, 167. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2164-13-167
16. Diederichsen, A., & Richards, K. (2020). Genetic diversity and oil content variation in flax. Industrial Crops and Products, 145, 112091. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indcrop.2020.112091
17. Soto-Cerda, B., Duguid, S., Booker, H., Cloutier, S. (2018). Association mapping of seed quality traits in flax. Plant Genome, 11(3). https://doi.org/10.3835/plantgenome2017.11.0101
18. You, F. M., Booker, H. M., Duguid, S. D., et al. (2018). Genome-wide association study for seed traits in flax. Plant Biotechnology Journal, 16, 1905-1915. https://doi.org/10.1111/pbi.12937
19. Soto-Cerda, B. J., Cloutier, S., Duguid, S., et al. (2014). Genomic dissection of agronomic traits in flax. Theoretical and Applied Genetics, 127, 2519-2532. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00122-014-2381-0
20. Meuwissen, T. H. E., Hayes, B. J., & Goddard, M. E. (2001). Prediction of total genetic value using genome-wide marker maps. Genetics, 157, 1819–1829. https://doi.org/10.1093/genetics/157.4.1819
21. Xu, Y., Li, P., Yang, Z., & Xu, C. (2022). Genomic selection in plant breeding: Methods and applications. Plant Communications, 3, 100345. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.xplc.2022.100345
22. Collard, B. C. Y., & Mackill, D. J. (2008). Marker-assisted selection in crop breeding. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B, 363, 557-572. https://doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2007.2170
23. Varshney, R. K., Terauchi, R., & McCouch, S. (2014). Harvesting the promising fruits of genomics in crop breeding. Nature Reviews Genetics, 15, 131-144. https://doi.org/10.1038/nrg3606
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.