LINGUOCULTURAL AND IDEOLOGICAL FEATURES OF EUPHEMIZATION IN UZBEK AND ENGLISH POLITICAL DISCOURSE: A CORPUS-BASED AND COMPUTATIONAL LINGUISTIC APPROACH

Abstract

This article examines the linguocultural and ideological features of euphemization in Uzbek and English political discourse from the perspective of applied and computational linguistics. The study develops a corpus-oriented analytical framework in which political euphemisms are examined through contextual frequency, collocation, semantic association, sentiment orientation, discourse function, and contextual interpretation. Particular attention is given to the problem of automatic euphemism detection, since the euphemistic status of a lexical unit cannot always be established from its dictionary meaning alone. The comparative analysis demonstrates that euphemization in both languages performs such recurrent functions as mitigation, legitimization, responsibility management, positive self- presentation, and evaluation control, while its linguistic realization is shaped by culturally and institutionally specific patterns of political communication. English political discourse provides frequent examples of technicalization and bureaucratic reframing, whereas Uzbek political discourse demonstrates a strong tendency toward formal, abstract, and institutionally acceptable nominations. The article further proposes a multilayer annotation model for an Uzbek-English political euphemism corpus, including euphemistic status, target concept, semantic domain, pragmatic function, and ideological orientation. The proposed model may support automatic euphemism detection, political sentiment analysis, ideological framing analysis, euphemism- aware machine translation, and the development of Uzbek natural language processing resources.