Keywords
nitric acid autoclave
hydrometallurgy
polymetallic ore
pH diagram
elemental sulfur
hematite
rare metals
kinetics
diffusion
OMMC (Olmaliq Mining and Metallurgical Complex)
complex processing.
How to Cite
Abstract
This paper presents the scientific principles and experimental results of a nitric acid autoclave oxidative leaching technology for pyrite polymetallic concentrate produced during copper production at the Olmaliq Mining and Metallurgical Combine (OMMC). Thermodynamic and kinetic regularities were investigated within the Fe-S-N-H₂O system, and optimal process parameters were determined. Experiments demonstrated that under the conditions of 110–112°C, a HNO₃ concentration of 15–20%, a Solid-to-Liquid ratio (S:L) of 1:3–3.5, oxygen pressure of 0.9–1.0 MPa, and a process duration of 1.5–2.0 hours, the following results are achieved: elemental sulfur recovery reaches 83–85%, iron as Fe₂O₃ reaches 92–97%, and gold and silver are 100% concentrated in the leach cake. Copper and other non-ferrous metals pass into the solution at a rate of 98–99%. The technology has been tested under the industrial conditions of the OMMC research and production association and has been confirmed to be highly effective.References
1. Isokov yusuf., Yodgorov Normaxmat., Sultonov Sadulla. and Xalilov Sanjar, Effects of aviation kerosene contents on the environment and method of its cleansing. // E3S Web of Conferences 264, 01036 (2021) https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202126401036 CONMECHYDRO – 2021
1. Isokov Y.X., Nabiyev A.A., Ziyoyev B.T., Nazarova M., Alijonov U.N. Meva donaklari asosida olingan faollashtirilgan ko`mir adsorbentlarini fizik-kimyoviy taxlil qilish // Umidli kimyogarlar 2023-yil, 25-27-aprel, Toshkent. 72-73 B
2. Исоков Ю.Х., Набиев А.А., Ахмедов М.Э., Исокова О.Т. Энергиятежамкор усулда фаоллаштирилган кщмир олиш // Proceedings of the “International Conference on the topic Innovative approaches to localization” 2023-year Karshi city p 439-440
3. Isokov Y.X., Yodgorov N., Ziyoyev B.T. Aviakerosin tarkibidagi oltingugurtli birikmaqlarni faollantirilgan ko`mir bilan tozalash // Fan va texnologiyalar taraqiyoti 2023 №3 126-127 B
4. Исоков Ю.Х., Ёдгоров Н. Нефт газни қайта ишлашда махаллий хомошёдан олинган сорбентдан фойдаланиш // ХХI Асрда илм-фан тараққиётининг ривожланиш истиқьоллари ва уларда инновацияларнинг тутган ўрни мавзусидаги республика илмий 10-онлайн конференцияси материаллари, тошкент 2019, 79-80 б.
5. Isokov Yu.X., Yodgorov N., Sultonov S.B. Adsorption of organic compounds to modified active carbons // Scientific and technical journal of Namangan institute of engineering and technology, Scientific and technical journal of NamIET, VOL 6 – Issue (3) 2021, p 142-143.
6. Beregovskiy V.N. Copper production // Collection "Metallurgy of non-ferrous and rare metals" (Results of Science and Technology, VINITI), 1973, Vol. 6, pp. 136-155.
7. Isokov Y.X., Yodgorov N., Ziyoyev B.T. Purification of sulfur compounds in aviation kerosene with activated carbon // Progress of Science and Technology, 2023, No. 3, pp. 126-127.
8. Allabergenov R.D. Fundamental and applied hydrometallurgy. – Tashkent: State Enterprise "NIIMR", 2012. - 276 p
9. Allabergenov R.D., Ahmedov R.K., Khodjaev O.F. Complex processing of non-ferrous metallurgy waste. – Tashkent: "Universitet" Publishing House, 2013. - 64 p.
10. Pazdnikov P.A. Complex utilization of pyrite raw materials of the Urals // In the collection: Technology of extraction and complex metallurgical processing of pyrite and pyrrhotite concentrates. – Moscow: 1968, Part 11, pp. 12-18.
11. Evdokimov V.I., Derlyukova L.G., Linde L.S., Terentiev G.N. Ways to reduce environmental pollution during chemical processing of sulfur-containing non-ferrous metal concentrates // In the book: Chemistry of metals and metallurgy. Chemistry and technology of silicates: Abstracts of reports and communications No.
12. Turesebekov A.H., Baranova T.N., Sharipov H.T., Kamolov T.O., Olimov T.F. Chemistry of pyrites from endogenous and technogenic deposits as potential sources of iron, noble, and rare elements // Abstracts of the Republican scientific-technical conference: "Diversification of the raw material base of the industry of the Republic of Uzbekistan: criteria for search and evaluation of non-traditional types of minerals" (August 22, 2012, Tashkent, NIIMR). – Tashkent: 2012. p. 155.
13. Maslenitsky I.N., Dolivo-Dobrovolsky V.V., Dobrokhotov G.N., Sobol S.I., Chugaev L.V., Belikov V.V. Autoclave processes in non-ferrous metallurgy. – Moscow: Metallurgizdat, 1969. - 349 p.
14. Gongliashvili A.N. On the issue of copper extraction from sulfide ores // Reports of the Academy of Sciences of the Georgian SSR, 1962, Vol. 29, No. 4, pp. 405-412.
15. Yazawa Akira. Trends in modern copper smelting processes. – Erzmetall, 1977, 30, No. 11, pp. 511-517; RZh Metallurgy, 1978, 6G313.
16. Peters E. Direct leaching of sulfides: chemistry and applications. – Met.Trans., 1976, Vol. 7, No. 4, pp. 505-517.
17. Hydrometallurgy for sulfide raw materials // Non-ferrous metallurgy (VINITI Express-information), 1973, No. 35, pp. 5-10.
18. Osina A.V., Press Yu.S. Status of hydrometallurgical processing of sulfide raw materials abroad // Non-ferrous metals, 1978, No. 3, pp. 25-30.
19. Leaching of copper concentrates with nitric acid // Non-ferrous metallurgy (VINITI Express-information), 1973, No. 46, pp. 7-12. 20.Tseft A.L. Hydrometallurgical methods for processing polymetallic raw materials (Selected works, Vol. 1). – Alma-Ata: Nauka KazSSR, 1976. – 332 p.
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Copyright (c) 2026 Y.Kh Isokov, B.T. Ziyoyev, M.J. Toshpo'latova, F. Xudoyberdiyeva, J.J. Junaydullayeva, R.R. Normurodova, Z.A. Rayimova (Author)