Abstract
In modern education, assessment plays a crucial role in improving the quality of learning and teaching. Among the various types of assessment, formative assessment has become one of the most effective and learner-centered approaches in English language classrooms. Unlike summative assessment, which evaluates students’ achievement at the end of a learning period, formative assessment focuses on the ongoing process of learning. It helps both teachers and learners identify strengths, weaknesses, and areas that need improvement during the learning process.References
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