Abstract
This article explores the dynamics of urban visibility and invisibility of female characters in Zadie Smith’s “White Teeth”. Through a close reading of the novel, the study examines how urban space both empowers and marginalizes women, particularly immigrant women. Using a gendered and spatial approach, the research reveals that while the city offers opportunities for self-expression and independence, it simultaneously reinforces cultural constraints, rendering certain women invisible. The findings highlight the paradoxical nature of urban life as both a site of liberation and limitation.References
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