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Abstract
O‘zbek milliy simfonik va kamer orkestrlarining rivojlanishi bilan gijjak ijro etish ixtisosligiga bo‘lgan talab va talablar ham o‘zgarib, kengayib bormoqda. Zamonaviy gijjakchidan nafaqat yakkaxon yoki kichik ansambl ijrochisi, balki yirik orkestr tarkibida yuqori mahoratli, moslashuvchan va ijodiy hamkor bo‘lishi kutilmqoda. Ushbu maqola oliy va o‘rta maxsus ta’lim bosqichida gijjak ijro etish yo‘nalishi talabalarini milliy orkestr amaliyotiga tayyorlashning pedagogik modeli va asosiy tamoyillarini o‘rganadi. Muammo shundaki, an’anaviy yakka ijro uslubidagi ta’lim dasturlari ko‘pincha talabalarni orkestr muhitiga, uning o‘ziga xos texnik, intonatsion, ansambl va psixologik muammolariga tayyorlashda yetarli emas. Tadqiqot orkestr gijjakchisiga qo‘yiladigan maxsus talablarni - partiyani aniq o‘qish qobiliyati, yagona intonatsiya va tembr birligini saqlash, dirijyor imo-ishoralariga darhol javob berish, dinamik va agogik nuanslarni kuzatish, boshqa cholg‘u guruhlari bilan muvozanatni his qilish qobiliyatlari - aniqlab, ularni shakllantirishning o‘quv-uslubiy yondashuvlarini taklif qiladi. Maqolada gijjakning orkestrdagi rolini chuqur o‘rganish, orkestr partiyalarini o‘rganishning metodikasi, ansambl mashg‘ulotlarini tashkil etish, dirijyor bilan hamkorlik qilish asoslari, shuningdek, maqom va an’anaviy usullar bilimlarini orkestr matnlarini talqin qilishda qo‘llash masalalari ko‘rib chiqiladi. Tadqiqot natijalari shuni ko‘rsatadiki, muvaffaqiyatli orkestr gijjakchisini tarbiyalash faqat texnik mashqlar orqali emas, balki maxsus kompetensiyalarni rivojlantirishga qaratilgan kompleks, integratsiyalashgan pedagogik yondashuv orqali amalga oshiriladi
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