Keywords
metaphor
metonymy
cognitive linguistics
conceptual metaphor
semantic transfer
conceptual domain
cognitive economy
nomination
How to Cite
Abstract
This article addresses, from a cognitive-linguistic perspective, the problem of theoretically delimiting metaphor and metonymy within toponymic units. Traditionally, these two types of semantic transfer are distinguished on the basis of similarity (metaphor) and contiguity (metonymy); however, when applied to toponymic material - geographical names - the boundary between the two phenomena often proves unclear, since the naming of one and the same object may rest on associative resemblance as well as on a real spatial or possessive relation. To resolve this problem, the article proposes an integrative six-criterion model of analysis: the conceptual-domain criterion, the similarity/contiguity criterion, the syntagmatic- paradigmatic criterion, the referential-transparency criterion, the cognitive-economy criterion, and the metaphor-metonymy overlap (metaphtonymy) criterion. These criteria are tested on material drawn from the Uzbek toponymic system - zoonymic, phytonymic and somatic (body-part-based) place names.References
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